![]() These precautions require that all blood and other body fluids be treated as if they are infectious. #Chapter 15 blood borne pathogens and principles of asepsis skin#A person’s skin is penetrated by an infectious source, such as an insect bite.įollow standard precautions to help prevent the spread of bloodborne pathogens and other diseases whenever there is a risk of exposure to blood or other body fluids. A person inhales droplets from an infected person, such as through a cough or sneeze. A person’s skin touches an object that contains the blood or body fluid of an infected person, such as picking up soiled dressings contaminated with an infected person’s blood or body fluid. Infected blood or body fluid from one person enters another person’s body at a correct entry site, such as infected blood splashing in the eye. These and other bloodborne pathogens are spread primarily through: The bloodborne pathogens of primary concern are hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. Universal precautions apply to the following body fluids:Īccording to the American National Red Cross: “Bloodborne pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, are present in blood and body fluids and can cause disease in humans. Changing gloves between patients and never reusing gloves.Washing hands and other skin surfaces that are contaminated with blood or body fluids immediately after a procedure or examination.Using disposable gloves and other protective barriers while examining all patients and while handling needles, scalpels, and other sharp instruments. ![]() Prior to this, blood and body fluid precautions were only recommended when a patient was known or suspected to be infected with a bloodborne pathogen. In 1987, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) published “Recommendations for Prevention of HIV Transmission in Health-Care Settings,” which recommended that blood and body fluid precautions be used for all patients, regardless of their infection status. A Better Understanding of Universal Precautions Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms found in human blood that can cause disease. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) defines Universal Precautions as an approach to infection control to treat all human blood and body fluids as if they contain bloodborne pathogens. ![]() What are Universal Precautions? What are Bloodborne Pathogens? ![]()
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